Wireless Communication Projects in Bangalore for ECE

A 5G NR Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) link-level simulation is implemented using the MATLAB 5G Toolbox. The simulation models LDPC encoding, rate matching, QPSK/16-QAM/64-QAM/256-QAM modulation, OFDM waveform generation, CDL-C channel model, MMSE channel estimation, and LDPC decoding. BER and throughput curves are plotted against SNR for all modulation orders. The simulation demonstrates the impact of channel estimation accuracy on link performance and validates that the MATLAB implementation matches 3GPP TS 38.212 and TS 38.214 specifications for the selected test cases.

A cognitive radio spectrum sensing system is simulated in MATLAB implementing energy detection, matched filter detection, and cyclostationary feature detection for identifying primary user activity in a 10 MHz band. ROC curves (probability of detection vs. probability of false alarm) are plotted for each method at SNR values from −20 to 10 dB. Energy detection achieves Pd = 0.9 at Pfa = 0.1 when SNR ≥ −5 dB. A cooperative sensing scheme with 5 secondary users using OR fusion improves Pd by 12 percentage points at −10 dB SNR. The project demonstrates spectrum sensing fundamentals for dynamic spectrum access systems.

A 2×2 MIMO spatial multiplexing system is simulated in MATLAB over a Rayleigh flat-fading channel. Independent data streams are transmitted from two antennas using QPSK modulation. At the receiver, MMSE detection separates the streams using the estimated channel matrix obtained from pilot symbols. BER performance is compared against single-antenna SISO and against the theoretical MIMO capacity bound. The simulation shows a 1.8× throughput improvement over SISO at the same transmit power. Channel capacity as a function of SNR is plotted using the Telatar formula for 1×1, 2×2, and 4×4 configurations.

A wideband FM radio receiver is implemented in GNU Radio Companion using an RTL-SDR dongle as the RF front end. The flowgraph includes a frequency-translating FIR filter for channel selection, a WBFM demodulator block, a de-emphasis filter, and an audio sink. The receiver tunes to any FM station in the 88–108 MHz band with a 200 kHz channel bandwidth. RDS data is decoded using the gr-rds GNU Radio module, displaying station name and programme type on a terminal. The project demonstrates software-defined radio concepts, digital signal processing in GNU Radio, and RF spectrum analysis.

A visible light communication (VLC) system transmits text data at 10 kbps using a high-brightness white LED modulated by an Arduino Uno and received by a BPW34 photodiode connected to a transimpedance amplifier and a second Arduino. Manchester encoding is used to maintain DC balance. The system achieves a BER of less than 10⁻⁵ at a link distance of 1.5 metres in indoor lighting conditions. A MATLAB script analyses the received signal spectrum and plots the eye diagram. The project demonstrates VLC physical layer design, optical link budget calculation, and line coding.

A turbo encoder and decoder conforming to the 3GPP LTE standard (TS 36.212) is implemented in MATLAB. The encoder uses two parallel recursive systematic convolutional codes with a QPP interleaver. The decoder implements the Log-MAP BCJR algorithm with 8 iterations. BER performance is simulated over AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels for code rates 1/3, 1/2, and 3/4 at block lengths of 40, 512, and 6144 bits. Results are compared against the Shannon limit and published 3GPP simulation results. The project demonstrates forward error correction coding, iterative decoding, and LTE physical layer design.

An indoor positioning system uses five ESP32 modules as BLE beacons transmitting advertisement packets at 0 dBm. A sixth ESP32 acts as a scanner, measuring RSSI from each beacon and applying a log-distance path loss model to estimate distances. A weighted centroid algorithm fuses the five distance estimates to compute the 2D position of the scanner. Position accuracy is evaluated in a 10×10 m room, achieving a mean positioning error of 1.8 metres. A Python script on a connected PC displays the estimated position on a floor plan in real time. The project demonstrates BLE protocol, RSSI-based ranging, and indoor localisation algorithms.

A direct-sequence CDMA system supporting 8 simultaneous users is simulated in MATLAB using Walsh-Hadamard spreading codes of length 64. Each user's BPSK-modulated data is spread, summed, and transmitted over an AWGN channel. The receiver despreads each user's signal using the corresponding code and makes bit decisions. BER is plotted as a function of Eb/N0 for 1, 4, and 8 active users, demonstrating the multiple-access interference effect. Near-far resistance is evaluated by varying the power of one interfering user from −10 to +10 dB relative to the desired user. The project demonstrates CDMA fundamentals and multi-user interference analysis.